Verse 1
يسبح - musabbihaat
فواسل - usually has 2 names of Allah. In this case there is 4.
الملك - the sovereign (macro)
المالك - the king (micro)
القدس - spiritual purity (source of purity)
تزكية - purification
Men's source of purity is water
العزيز - the ultimate authority (combines respect & authority)
الحكيم - the wise (source of all wisdom), constant rule & wisdom
Ayat about Allah
Verse 2
About Rasulullah saw
Usually other Surahs, Allah starts by mentioning the universe & then criticizes about humanity / demand from humanity.
هوالذ بعثف الاءميين - he is the one raised from amongst the unlettered.
رصول المنهم - messenger from among themselves.
يتلو عليهم اياته - to read onto them the miraculous ayaat.
Reading is fundamentally different from speaking.
Ibn Ishak citation - Rasul saw reads from the heart, as the Quran is revealed onto his heart.
The ultimate spiritual gift is salat. It becomes void when we don't know how to purify the soul with the quran. Tazkiyyah hasn't happened in the heart.
ويزكيهم - purify
ويعلمهم الكتاب - start learning the book
*حكمه - العلم النافعو و العمل به
*Hikmah described as beneficial knowledge & acting upon it.
و الحكمه - & wisdom (as translated above)
*these 4 are the formulas to turn a person around
وَإِن كَانُوا مِن قَبْلُ لَفِي ضَلَالٍ مُّبِينٍ
- even much before they were in complete misguidance / total lost (no potential seen)
Verse 3
About us
وَآخَرِينَ مِنْهُمْ - & the others than themselves (US!)
*the jews got a catch that the revelation came to he unlettered.
لَمَّا يَلْحَقُوا بِهِمْ - or those that haven't joined them yet.
لما - not yet
Verse 4
ذَٰلِكَ فَضْلُ اللهِ - that is the favour of Allah (the entire nation being cleansed / educated in the book)
يُؤْتِيهِ مَن يَشَاءُ - He gives it whoever he wants
*again a snub to those who thinks revelation is only for selected few.
*Hikmah. Imam Malik & Syafiei on the term: hikmah is sunnah. The practical dimension.
*the average muslim was supposed to know quran / exposure.
وَاللهُ ذُو الْفَضْلِ الْعَظِيمِ - & Allah is the owner of the ultimate favour.
Verse 5
مَثَلُ الَّذِينَ حُمِّلُوا التَّوْرَاةَ - the example of those who were burdened with the torah
حملو from تحمل : they were burdened
ثُمَّ لَمْ يَحْمِلُوهَا - then they didn't even carry it a little.
لميحملوها - didn't even take care of it
كَمَثَلِ الْحِمَارِ - their example is like a donkey.
مثل - giving the example
ك - like
*this is rhetoric statement. Means the example is like the donkey, but even the donkey is better.
أَسْفَارًا - lots of books (volumes). Literally travel through the texts.
كَمَثَلِ الْحِمَارِ يَحْمِلُ أَسْفَارًا - like a donkey as it carries loads & loads of books.
*means just burdens but nothing has manifested.
بِئْسَ مَثَلُ الْقَوْمِ الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا بِآيَاتِ اللهِ - how terrible the example of the nation that lied against the miracles of Allah (ignoring & denying revelation)
وَاللهُ لَا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الظَّالِمِينَ - & Allah does not guide the wrongdoing nation (they were given revelation & honoured to live up to it. But they did otherwise).
Verse 6
قُلْ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ هَادُوا - those of you who have engaged in judaism
إِن زَعَمْتُمْ - if you've got the confident assumption
أَنَّكُمْ أَوْلِيَاءُ لِلَّهِ - that you are the close protected friends of Allah
مِن دُونِ النَّاسِ - as opposed to all other people
فَتَمَنَّوُا الْمَوْتَ - then wish for death!
*if you're guaranteed jannah, then why are you here? Dealing with the dunia?
إِن كُنتُمْ صَادِقِينَ - if you are truly righteous?
Verse 7
وَلَا يَتَمَنَّوْنَهُ أَبَدًا - they're not going to wish for it ever
بِمَا قَدَّمَتْ أَيْدِيهِمْ - because of the investments they have already made (the kind of things they have done)
وَاللهُ عَلِيمٌ بِالظَّالِمِينَ - Allah is fully knowledgable of people who do wrong
Verse 8
قُلْ إِنَّ الْمَوْتَ الَّذِي تَفِرُّونَ مِنْهُ - tell them that the death that you are running away from
فَإِنَّهُ مُلَاقِيكُمْ - then absolutely its going to meet you
ثُمَّ تُرَدُّونَ إِلَىٰ عَالِمِ الْغَيْبِ وَالشَّهَادَةِ - then you will all be returned / taken back
فَيُنَبِّئُكُم بِمَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ - and He will thoroughly inform you of all the things you used to do
*3 ayahs related to death. Relationship btw not tied to revelation & afraid of death. The prophet saw said we are going to face this
Verse 9
*no nation on earth has weekly meetings / congregation.
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُو - those of you who claim to believe
إِذَا نُودِيَ لِلصَّلَاةِ - when the the call of prayer is made
مِن يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ - from apart of the day of friday (literally means the day of gathering)
*another reason that we are going to be gathered on friday during the day of judgement. Should be a reminder of the day of judgement. Rehearsal of judgement day.
فَاسْعَوْا إِلَىٰ ذِكْرِ اللهِ - then rush to the remembrance of Allah
فاسعو - rush (make it a priority). Why be laxed bout it?
*essence of friday prayer is the remembrance of Allah. Should be extra reminder of death every week.
وَذَرُوا الْبَيْ - leave business (sales)
ذَٰلِكُمْ خَيْرٌ لَّكُمْ - that's better for you
إِن كُنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ - if in fact you know
Verse 10
فَإِذَا قُضِيَتِ الصَّلَاةُ - when the prayer is done with
فَانتَشِرُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ - you may spread out on the land
وَابْتَغُوا مِن فَضْلِ اللهِ - & pursue from Allah's favour
*denotes that if we pursue to find the bounties of Allah, there is some barakah in it.
وَاذْكُرُوا اللهَ كَثِيرًا - and remember Allah a lot
لَّعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ - so that you may attain success
Verse 11
*this last ayah is very heavy.
وَإِذَا رَأَوْا تِجَارَةً أَوْ لَهْوًا - when they saw business (business ppl) or entertainment (those who just want to check out)
انفَضُّوا إِلَيْهَا - they rushed towards it (they broke away from it)
انفَضُّوا - used when glass breaks & pieces shatter, can't be recovered.
وَتَرَكُوكَ قَائِمًا - & they left you standing
*all four the first ayah qualities comes in jumuah. A hikmah by itself. To execute them is in the khutbah every friday. That is why its detrimental if one leaves the khutbah.
قُلْ مَا عِندَ اللهِ خَيْرٌ مِّنَ اللهْوِ وَمِنَ التِّجَارَةِ - tell them what Allah has is better than entertainment & business
*beginning of ayah business mentioned first, by the end is reversed. Why? Because entertainment is the bigger form of distraction during sermon.
وَاللهُ خَيْرُ الرَّازِقِينَ - and Allah is the best of all providers
*what provision? Revelation...
CONCLUSION
1. Allah mentioned the methodology of our Prophet saw (the 4 qualities).
2. When we don't execute we become hollow, start becoming worldly & scared of death.
3. The way to maintain the institution of the 4 qualities is through jumuah prayer
يسبح - musabbihaat
فواسل - usually has 2 names of Allah. In this case there is 4.
الملك - the sovereign (macro)
المالك - the king (micro)
القدس - spiritual purity (source of purity)
تزكية - purification
Men's source of purity is water
العزيز - the ultimate authority (combines respect & authority)
الحكيم - the wise (source of all wisdom), constant rule & wisdom
Ayat about Allah
Verse 2
About Rasulullah saw
Usually other Surahs, Allah starts by mentioning the universe & then criticizes about humanity / demand from humanity.
هوالذ بعثف الاءميين - he is the one raised from amongst the unlettered.
رصول المنهم - messenger from among themselves.
يتلو عليهم اياته - to read onto them the miraculous ayaat.
Reading is fundamentally different from speaking.
Ibn Ishak citation - Rasul saw reads from the heart, as the Quran is revealed onto his heart.
The ultimate spiritual gift is salat. It becomes void when we don't know how to purify the soul with the quran. Tazkiyyah hasn't happened in the heart.
ويزكيهم - purify
ويعلمهم الكتاب - start learning the book
*حكمه - العلم النافعو و العمل به
*Hikmah described as beneficial knowledge & acting upon it.
و الحكمه - & wisdom (as translated above)
*these 4 are the formulas to turn a person around
وَإِن كَانُوا مِن قَبْلُ لَفِي ضَلَالٍ مُّبِينٍ
- even much before they were in complete misguidance / total lost (no potential seen)
Verse 3
About us
وَآخَرِينَ مِنْهُمْ - & the others than themselves (US!)
*the jews got a catch that the revelation came to he unlettered.
لَمَّا يَلْحَقُوا بِهِمْ - or those that haven't joined them yet.
لما - not yet
Verse 4
ذَٰلِكَ فَضْلُ اللهِ - that is the favour of Allah (the entire nation being cleansed / educated in the book)
يُؤْتِيهِ مَن يَشَاءُ - He gives it whoever he wants
*again a snub to those who thinks revelation is only for selected few.
*Hikmah. Imam Malik & Syafiei on the term: hikmah is sunnah. The practical dimension.
*the average muslim was supposed to know quran / exposure.
وَاللهُ ذُو الْفَضْلِ الْعَظِيمِ - & Allah is the owner of the ultimate favour.
Verse 5
مَثَلُ الَّذِينَ حُمِّلُوا التَّوْرَاةَ - the example of those who were burdened with the torah
حملو from تحمل : they were burdened
ثُمَّ لَمْ يَحْمِلُوهَا - then they didn't even carry it a little.
لميحملوها - didn't even take care of it
كَمَثَلِ الْحِمَارِ - their example is like a donkey.
مثل - giving the example
ك - like
*this is rhetoric statement. Means the example is like the donkey, but even the donkey is better.
أَسْفَارًا - lots of books (volumes). Literally travel through the texts.
كَمَثَلِ الْحِمَارِ يَحْمِلُ أَسْفَارًا - like a donkey as it carries loads & loads of books.
*means just burdens but nothing has manifested.
بِئْسَ مَثَلُ الْقَوْمِ الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا بِآيَاتِ اللهِ - how terrible the example of the nation that lied against the miracles of Allah (ignoring & denying revelation)
وَاللهُ لَا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الظَّالِمِينَ - & Allah does not guide the wrongdoing nation (they were given revelation & honoured to live up to it. But they did otherwise).
Verse 6
قُلْ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ هَادُوا - those of you who have engaged in judaism
إِن زَعَمْتُمْ - if you've got the confident assumption
أَنَّكُمْ أَوْلِيَاءُ لِلَّهِ - that you are the close protected friends of Allah
مِن دُونِ النَّاسِ - as opposed to all other people
فَتَمَنَّوُا الْمَوْتَ - then wish for death!
*if you're guaranteed jannah, then why are you here? Dealing with the dunia?
إِن كُنتُمْ صَادِقِينَ - if you are truly righteous?
Verse 7
وَلَا يَتَمَنَّوْنَهُ أَبَدًا - they're not going to wish for it ever
بِمَا قَدَّمَتْ أَيْدِيهِمْ - because of the investments they have already made (the kind of things they have done)
وَاللهُ عَلِيمٌ بِالظَّالِمِينَ - Allah is fully knowledgable of people who do wrong
Verse 8
قُلْ إِنَّ الْمَوْتَ الَّذِي تَفِرُّونَ مِنْهُ - tell them that the death that you are running away from
فَإِنَّهُ مُلَاقِيكُمْ - then absolutely its going to meet you
ثُمَّ تُرَدُّونَ إِلَىٰ عَالِمِ الْغَيْبِ وَالشَّهَادَةِ - then you will all be returned / taken back
فَيُنَبِّئُكُم بِمَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ - and He will thoroughly inform you of all the things you used to do
*3 ayahs related to death. Relationship btw not tied to revelation & afraid of death. The prophet saw said we are going to face this
Verse 9
*no nation on earth has weekly meetings / congregation.
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُو - those of you who claim to believe
إِذَا نُودِيَ لِلصَّلَاةِ - when the the call of prayer is made
مِن يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ - from apart of the day of friday (literally means the day of gathering)
*another reason that we are going to be gathered on friday during the day of judgement. Should be a reminder of the day of judgement. Rehearsal of judgement day.
فَاسْعَوْا إِلَىٰ ذِكْرِ اللهِ - then rush to the remembrance of Allah
فاسعو - rush (make it a priority). Why be laxed bout it?
*essence of friday prayer is the remembrance of Allah. Should be extra reminder of death every week.
وَذَرُوا الْبَيْ - leave business (sales)
ذَٰلِكُمْ خَيْرٌ لَّكُمْ - that's better for you
إِن كُنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ - if in fact you know
Verse 10
فَإِذَا قُضِيَتِ الصَّلَاةُ - when the prayer is done with
فَانتَشِرُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ - you may spread out on the land
وَابْتَغُوا مِن فَضْلِ اللهِ - & pursue from Allah's favour
*denotes that if we pursue to find the bounties of Allah, there is some barakah in it.
وَاذْكُرُوا اللهَ كَثِيرًا - and remember Allah a lot
لَّعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ - so that you may attain success
Verse 11
*this last ayah is very heavy.
وَإِذَا رَأَوْا تِجَارَةً أَوْ لَهْوًا - when they saw business (business ppl) or entertainment (those who just want to check out)
انفَضُّوا إِلَيْهَا - they rushed towards it (they broke away from it)
انفَضُّوا - used when glass breaks & pieces shatter, can't be recovered.
وَتَرَكُوكَ قَائِمًا - & they left you standing
*all four the first ayah qualities comes in jumuah. A hikmah by itself. To execute them is in the khutbah every friday. That is why its detrimental if one leaves the khutbah.
قُلْ مَا عِندَ اللهِ خَيْرٌ مِّنَ اللهْوِ وَمِنَ التِّجَارَةِ - tell them what Allah has is better than entertainment & business
*beginning of ayah business mentioned first, by the end is reversed. Why? Because entertainment is the bigger form of distraction during sermon.
وَاللهُ خَيْرُ الرَّازِقِينَ - and Allah is the best of all providers
*what provision? Revelation...
CONCLUSION
1. Allah mentioned the methodology of our Prophet saw (the 4 qualities).
2. When we don't execute we become hollow, start becoming worldly & scared of death.
3. The way to maintain the institution of the 4 qualities is through jumuah prayer
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